Suppliers: Greenhouse Gas Monitoring

ALSEAMAR

High-Tech Autonomous Underwater Gliders, Subsea Buoyancy Modules, and Oceanographic Survey Services

Pro-Oceanus Systems Inc

High-Accuracy Dissolved Gas Sensors for Oceanography, Environmental Monitoring, and Oil & Gas Applications

SubCtech

Marine Monitoring Systems for Surface & Underwater Vessels | Advanced Power Solutions for Subsea Vehicles

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Products

8 Cutting-edge Solutions
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SEAEXPLORER 1000

Autonomous underwater glider for extended ocean monitoring

Autonomous underwater glider for extended ocean monitoring
...ncy propulsion system with large ballasting volumes, it operates silently and is suited for...
SEAEXPLORER 200

High-efficiency glider for shallow-water data collection

High-efficiency glider for shallow-water data collection
... environmental monitoring, and defense applications....
CO2-Pro CV Dissolved Gas Sensor

Dissolved CO2 measurement sensor for submersible & deep-sea applications

Dissolved CO2 measurement sensor for submersible & deep-sea applications
...easurements of dissolved CO₂ partial pressure using advanced infrared detection technology. With...
CO2-Pro ATM Dissolved Gas Sensor

Dissolved CO2 measurement sensor for deployment on ocean buoys

Dissolved CO2 measurement sensor for deployment on ocean buoys
...ressure of CO2 gas in both surface water and air simultaneously, and is designed for integration...
CO2-Pro FT Dissolved Gas Sensor

Dissolved CO2 sensor for laboratory & benchtop measurement

Dissolved CO2 sensor for laboratory & benchtop measurement
...ressure of CO2 gas dissolved in water, utilizing advanced infrared detection technology. Providing...
Mini CO2 Dissolved Gas Sensor

Miniature submersible sensor for pCO2 measurement

Miniature submersible sensor for pCO2 measurement
...ssure of CO₂ dissolved in liquids. Compact, lightweight, and plug-and-play, the Mini CO₂...
OceanPack™ BUOY

Compact pCO2 analyzer for shallow-water monitoring platforms

Compact pCO2 analyzer for shallow-water monitoring platforms
...y small marine monitoring platforms such as buoys, and can be left unattended for several months....
Greenhouse Gas Monitoring Systems

CO2 & methane measurement systems for air and water

CO2 & methane measurement systems for air and water
... water quality monitoring systems can be used to measure the presence of greenhouse gases, with...

Greenhouse Gas (GHG) and Dissolved Gas Monitoring systems

Eleanor Widdows

Updated:

Greenhouse gas monitoring technologies enable precise measurement of gases such as carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide in both dissolved and gaseous forms, providing essential data for carbon cycle modeling, pollution tracking, and environmental assessment. Integrated with subsea engineering platforms, these sensors support real-time analysis of gas concentrations across diverse marine settings.

Underwater glider for marine environmental monitoring by ALSEAMAR

SEAEXPLORER 1000 by ALSEAMAR

Systems are often based on electrochemical, infrared (IR), or non-dispersive infrared (NDIR) detection principles, with configurations tailored for research vessels, moorings, autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs), and remotely operated vehicles (ROVs). Modular sensor housings and optical cells ensure long-term reliability, while calibration units maintain accuracy in extended deployments.

Greenhouse Gas Monitoring Use Cases

Ocean Sciences

Greenhouse gas monitoring supports global research programs investigating oceanic carbon uptake, methane fluxes, and water column gas exchange. Dissolved CO₂ sensors are essential in studying acidification trends and carbon sequestration in marine ecosystems. Oceanographic research vessels use these instruments to map CO₂ variability and assess regional contributions to global greenhouse gas inventories.

Industrial and Environmental Monitoring

In offshore energy and subsea infrastructure operations, gas sensors detect emissions and leaks from pipelines, subsea wells, and industrial installations. Real-time CO₂ and CH₄ monitoring enhances environmental compliance and safety while supporting industrial process optimization. Aquaculture monitoring systems integrate dissolved gas sensors to manage oxygenation and detect harmful emissions affecting aquatic life and water quality.

Greenhouse Gas Monitoring System by SubCtech

OceanXpert Greenhouse Gas Monitoring System by SubCtech

Defense and Security Applications

Defense programs utilize underwater GHG systems to assess environmental baselines, detect industrial discharges, and support subsea surveillance. Gas detection sensors are integrated into autonomous platforms for long-range environmental reconnaissance, helping defense agencies manage the ecological impact of operations and maintain situational awareness in sensitive marine regions.

Types of Greenhouse Gas Sensors

  • Dissolved CO₂ Sensors – Measure carbon dioxide concentration in seawater using optical or electrochemical detection methods.
  • Methane Sensors – Detect dissolved and free methane gas for flux measurement and leak detection in subsea environments.
  • Electrochemical Gas Sensors – Compact designs for integration in multi-parameter probes and environmental monitoring packages.
  • NDIR CO₂ Sensors – Non-dispersive infrared detectors providing high-accuracy measurement with minimal maintenance.
  • Optical Gas Sensors – Utilize infrared absorption through optical windows and cells to quantify CO₂ and CH₄ with high stability.

These sensors often incorporate data loggers, pressure and temperature sensors, and telemetry systems for remote data acquisition and transmission to shore-based or vessel-based platforms.

Key Components and Supporting Systems

A complete marine GHG solution typically includes:

  • Sensor Heads and Housings: Pressure-tolerant enclosures for long-term subsea use
  • Data Loggers and Telemetry Systems: For real-time data transmission and archival logging
  • Power Modules and Controllers: Provide a stable energy supply to subsea sensors and analyzers
  • Calibration Units: Ensure measurement integrity under varying pressure and temperature conditions
  • Flow Control and Optical Systems: Manage sample exposure to sensors for consistent readings
  • Underwater Connectors and Interfaces: Enable integration with AUV, ROV, or fixed observatory networks

Comparisons and Technology Selection

Selecting the appropriate monitoring system depends on target gases, depth rating, and application.

Greenhouse Gas Monitoring System by SubCtech

OceanPack™ BUOY pCO2 analyzer by SubCtech for Greenhouse Gas Monitoring

  • Infrared sensors deliver high accuracy for CO₂ and CH₄ detection but require optical cleaning and calibration.
  • Electrochemical systems are cost-efficient and compact, suitable for multi-parameter probes in shallow deployments.
  • NDIR analyzers offer laboratory-grade precision for long-term observatory use.

Integration with existing ocean observing frameworks enhances data continuity, supporting cross-disciplinary climate and environmental analysis.

Standards and Calibration Practices

Marine greenhouse gas monitoring systems often conform to international and regional standards to ensure data consistency and interoperability:

  • ISO 25197: Electronic equipment for marine data communication
  • IEC 60529: Enclosure protection ratings (IP codes) for underwater electronics
  • ASTM D1945 / D1946: Standard practices for gas analysis
  • OCEANS/GOOS Protocols: Best practices for ocean observation data quality and calibration

Regular calibration using certified gas mixtures or onboard calibration units maintains accuracy under dynamic environmental conditions.

Integration with Ocean Observing Systems

Modern oceanographic research relies on networked sensing nodes that transmit greenhouse gas data through cabled observatories, telemetry buoys, and autonomous platforms. These systems contribute to long-term datasets supporting climate modeling, carbon flux analysis, and ecosystem management. Integration with temperature, pressure, and salinity sensors (CTD) enhances contextual understanding of gas concentration trends and their correlation with ocean dynamics.

Advances in miniaturization, power efficiency, and sensor sensitivity are enabling more comprehensive, long-duration greenhouse gas monitoring across ocean basins. Machine learning and edge computing now allow in situ data analysis, reducing latency and enhancing decision-making for environmental and industrial operations. Improved optical materials, gas-permeable membranes, and subsea communication interfaces continue to expand the capabilities of marine gas detection networks.

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